The Korean People’s Army (KPA) is a central institution in North Korean society, both in terms of its military significance and its influence on daily life. Established in 1948, the KPA is one of the largest standing armies in the world, with an estimated 1.2 million active-duty personnel. It is divided into several branches: the Ground Force, the Navy, the Air Force, and the Strategic Rocket Forces, which oversee the country’s missile and nuclear programs.
The KPA plays a pivotal role in North Korean society, not only in terms of defense but also in shaping the country’s political landscape. Under the principle of “Military First” (Songun), the military is given priority over other sectors, including the economy and even the civilian government. This policy reflects the military’s central role in maintaining the regime’s stability and security.
The KPA’s influence extends beyond the battlefield; its leadership is closely intertwined with the ruling Kim family. The KPA also maintains a significant presence in everyday life, with many citizens, particularly men, expected to serve in the military. This creates a culture of militarization, where the army is revered as the backbone of the nation’s sovereignty and the protector of its socialist system. The KPA’s importance is underscored by its influence over both domestic and foreign policy decisions.